Ubumenyi shingiro / Tangira hano

Ukuntu Nymchat agereranya

Nymchat yapimye izindi ntumwa cumi na zitatu, kubintu bifatika itandukaniro hagati yabo. Aho umunywanyi ari mwiza, iyi page ivuga gutya - kugereranya ibyo bifite umwanditsi watsinze buri murongo ntabwo arugereranya.

Uru rupapuro rwahinduwe imashini kugirango byorohe. Umwimerere wicyongereza ni verisiyo ikoreshwa.

Urebye

Encryption ni imbonerahamwe yuru rupapuro: hafi ibintu byose hano ibikora kubwa mbere, kandi Nymchat irenze kure - nta numero ya terefone, nta konte, hamwe nimpano ubutumwa bwerekana ko bitwara bidashobora gusoma cyangwa kuranga. Aho umurima gutandukana ni bigenda bite iyo ibikorwa remezo bigiye. Hafi buri ntumwa izwi cyane ihishe ibanga ihagarika gupfa nta interineti, kuko umutekano wacyo icyitegererezo gifata seriveri ishobora kugera. Intoki zikomeza gukora ntawe zifite amateka yarishyuwe nukuba gake cyane kubiranga.

Gutegura umurima kurwanya ibyo bibazo byombi - ni bangahe intumwa ubona, kandi niba aribyo kurokoka umuyoboro umanuka - usiga inguni imwe hafi yubusa:

Nicyo kibuga cyose, kandi iyi page isigaye ni gihamya yabyo. Nymchat ntabwo ubutumwa bwigenga cyane bwubatswe - SimpleX ifite icyifuzo gikomeye kuri ibyo, Umweru Urusaku rufite amatsinda meza ya kriptografiya, kandi Ikimenyetso gifite imyaka yubugenzuzi Nymchat ntabwo. Uwiteka ikirego ni gito: niyo yonyine muribi ikuraho ako kabari kandi iracyakora iyo urusobe rwagiye.

Indangamuntu ni ikindi gice cyayo. Ubusanzwe Nymchat ni nym yacapwe iyo ufunguye porogaramu hanyuma akajugunywa iyo urangije, hamwe Uburyo bw'imyuka kuzunguruka urufunguzo n'izina rya Bluetooth hamwe n'ubutumwa bwisiba inyuma wowe. Byinshi mururu rutonde biguha konti imwe igukurikira hagati yibyumba no hagati imyaka. Nymchat ikwemerera kuvuga ikintu mubantu benshi bitagukurikiye murugo.

Intumwa muri uku kugereranya

Abanywanyi 13, batoranijwe kuko buriwese aribyiza mubyukuri ikintu Nymchat igomba igisubizo kuri. Ibyamamare byonyine ntabwo byari igipimo - iyo biba, urutonde rwaba porogaramu eshatu ndende kandi zidafite akamaro kanini.

Porogaramu kururu rutonde rwegereye Nymchat ni Bitchat, kandi ntabwo iri hafi abiruka. Babiri basangiye mesh ya Bluetooth, basangiye imiyoboro ya geohash, kandi nabo Ikiraro kurwego rwa protocole - umukoresha Bitchat numukoresha wa Nymchat murimwe geohash bari mucyumba kimwe, basoma ubutumwa bwa buriwese, nta porogaramu ikora ikintu idasanzwe. Ntakindi kintu hano gifitanye isano na Nymchat. Intumwa za Nostr - XChat, Vector, Armada, Urusaku rwera - gusangira umuyoboro n'ubutumwa bwihariye imiterere, ituma bagereranya hafi ya DMs na zaps zifunze, ariko ntanumwe murimwe meshes kandi ntanumwe ufite ibyumba bishingiye kumwanya.

Ikiranga ukurikije imiterere

Imbonerahamwe eshanu, zishyizwe hamwe nikibazo buri wese asubiza. Inkingi yose yanditseho kugirango Yego ni igisubizo cyiza - nta murongo uhari aho icyatsi kibisi ari inkuru mbi. Uwiteka imbonerahamwe izenguruka kuruhande kuri ecran ifunganye, kandi izina rya porogaramu rigumaho mugihe babikora.

Kwinjira

Ikimenyetso, Telegramu na WhatsApp byose bihuza konte yawe numero ya terefone, muri byinshi bihugu bisobanura kubahiriza indangamuntu ya leta. Ikimenyetso cyakoze ibirenze buriwese kugabanya ibyangiritse - amazina y'abakoresha bivuze ko utigera utanga numero kubitumanaho, kandi byihishe Mburabuzi - ariko kwiyandikisha biracyakeneye umubare wakazi, kandi iyo mibare niyo konte.

"Fungura kubatazi" numurongo utandukanya umuyoboro rusange nigitabo cya aderesi. Briar, Ikiganiro cya SimpleX na Delta byose biragusaba guhana ikintu mbere - QR code, a ihuza, aderesi - nibyiza kubuzima bwite kandi bidafite akamaro ko kwinjira mucyumba no kumenya ibibera. Nymchat ephemeral nym ni urufunguzo rwabyaye umwanya ufungura porogaramu; reba Indangamuntu, na Uburyo bw'imyuka kuri verisiyo izunguruka nayo hindura ibyo radio yawe ya Bluetooth yamamaza.

Guma hejuru

Nimbonerahamwe Nymchat ibaho, nizindi porogaramu eshatu zirayisubiza. Briar ubutumwa hejuru ya Bluetooth, Wi-Fi na USB. Bitchat ni mesh ya Bluetooth mbere na ibindi byose bya kabiri. Armada yohereje Bitchat ya Android mesh stack imbere muri porogaramu yayo, kuri Android.

Nymchat isangiye imiterere ya mesh na Bitchat kubushake: porogaramu zombi zihuza ibyumba bimwe kandi relay kuri buriwese, ituma umuyoboro wa interineti utagaragara kuri byombi. Ikora kuri Android na iOS nkurungano rwuzuye, no muri Chromium mushakisha nkibabi rishobora kwakira no kohereza ariko ntabwo iyamamaze ubwayo. Reba Kugabana mesh hamwe na Bitchat na Ikirukira he.

Inkingi yanyuma ikwiriye gusoma witonze. Ikimenyetso ni kidaharanira inyungu gifite inyandiko nziza kandi oya umugambi wo kujya ahantu hose, ariko Ikimenyetso kidafite seriveri yikimenyetso ntakintu na kimwe. Nostr relay, Matrix nyirurugo, SimpleX yerekana hamwe na seriveri isanzwe yoherejwe ni software umuntu wese irashobora gukora, bityo "ishyirahamwe rifunga" na "umuyoboro urapfa" nibintu bitandukanye. Delta Ikiganiro gifite verisiyo ikomeye yiyi mpaka kurutonde: igendera kuri imeri, ntabwo kujya ahantu hose.

Icyo umuyoboro ushobora kubona

Inyandiko ivuga ku bijyanye n'igihe nyuma y'imashini za quantum ivuga ku kaga kamwe k'umwihariko: umwanzi ukora uburyo bwo kubika amakuru yafunzwe uyu munsi kugira ngo ayafure mu myaka iri imbere, igihe imashini ya quantum izashobora kurwanya uburyo bwo guhura kw'amashyirahamwe (key agreement) bwakoreshwaga n'ubundi buryo bwose bw'uburyo bwo gukoresha porogaramu (apps) ziri hano. Nta kintu na kimwe mu bijyanye na yo gishobora kurinda ubutumwa ku muntu ushobora kubusoma ubu, kandi ntibivugira ku myandiko y'imyandiko (signatures) — biba ari ukurinda ibanga gusa. Porogaramu eshatu muri iyi rutonde zagejeje uburyo bwo kwirinda, kandi zose eshatu zongereye uburyo bwo guhura kw'amashyirahamwe (post-quantum key encapsulation) ku buryo bwa kera bwo guhinduranya amakuru, kugira ngo gusoma ubutumwa bivuze kurwanya byombi. Ntabwo bayubaka mu buryo bumwe. Signal — mbere, hifashishijwe PQXDH, hanyuma hagashyirwamo na post-quantum ratchet — na SimpleX, hifashishijwe sntrup761 muri double ratchet yayo, Gushyira hamwe ibanga ryihisishwe ry'abantu babiri mu mfunguzo imwe. Nymchat Inzego aho: ubutumwa bwa NIP-44 bukejwa uko bumeze kandi bufungirwa kabiri muri ChaCha20-Poly1305, koresheje ML-KEM-768 encapsulation — ikoranabuhanga rya NIST, FIPS 203. Guhuza biterwa n'umusaruro w'uburyo bwa kera bwo gusangira amakuru (classical exchange), ushobora kutazigera uhabwa na browser extension cyangwa remote signer, bityo, gushyira ibintu mu nzego (layering) nibyo bituma izo nshuro zo kwiyandikisha zishobora kugira uruhare. Reba Ibanga rya nyuma. Iyi ni inkingi izasaza vuba, kandi "Oya" hano bisobanura "koherezwa nkiyi nyandiko", ntabwo "nta na rimwe".

Amatsinda ane akwiriye kurusha agace kamwe, kandi uwa mbere muri yo ni uwa Nymchat. Nymchat ntabwo ifite forward secrecy., kandi ikolomu ibivuga. NIP-44 ikura funguzo yayo mu funguzo z'icyitirirwa zihamye kabiri, kandi funguzo ya ML-KEM urwego rwa post-quantum rurushamo rwirinda ni yo irambye na yo, bityo umuntu wese uzarushaho kubona yawe nsec — ndetse na ryawe nympq1… ikodemu, ku rwego rwa post-quantum — ishobora gusoma ubutumwa bwose bwanditse iyo mfunguzo zabarindaga, si ubuwo bwo hafi gusa. Icyerekezo ryitwa Kubura PM (ibanga ryimbere) Mu rwego rw'Uburenganzira n'Umutekano ni ubusabe bwa NIP-40 bwo gushira ubutumwa, busaba relays ko zagabura ubutumwa nyuma; icyo ni ikolomu y'ubutumwa buhagirika, si iyi. Telegaramu ntibihisha ibanga kuva ku muntu umwe ijya ku wundi keretse niba utangiye uburyo bwihariye bw'Imvugo y'ibanga (Secret Chat), ibyo bikorwa hagati y'umuntu umwe n'undi umwe gusa kandi ntibitunganira hagati y'ibikoresho byawe — bityo mu by'ukuri hafi buri kiganiro cyose cya Telegram, na buri Itsinda rya Telegramu, ryicaye risomeka kuri seriveri ya Telegram. Isomo nkana yataye ibanga imbere iyo yimuye Ikimenyetso protocole, bivuze urufunguzo rwibwe rurerure rugaragaza amateka yose aho kuba make ya vuba ubutumwa; umushinga wavuze ko protocole izaza izagarura. Ikiganiro cya Delta azungura OpenPGP kubura ibanga ryimbere, kandi yavuze Autocrypt v2 izabikosora.

Inkingi y'imyirondoro, kuri Nymchat, igabanyije mu bwoko bubiri bw'ibiganiro. Buri buryo bwo gufunga ibyèse binywe n'urupfunguzo rwakoreshejwe rimwe gusa, bityo isanganya ntishobora kumenya uwo... Yoherejwe imwe. Icyatandukanya ni uwo uhawe. Agapfunzitse karimo umuntu muri... p tag, bitagaragara, kuko icyo tag ari cyo uwayakiriye abonera ubutumwa na busa — ariko mu itsinda iyo tag ifite funguzo ihindagurika kuri buri munyamuryango aho kuba iyawe w'ukuri w'umunyamuryango, bityo ubunyamuryango bw'itsinda ntibigera bigaragara nk'aho N ihindukira mu zindi N z'impuzandugende icyarimwe, kandi ubufatanyabikorwa (relay) ntubone ku mpera zombi. Reba Uburyo itsinda ryibanga rikora. Mu umuntu umwe ku muntu umwe Ikiganiro: nta kintu cyari gikwiye guhindurwa: uburyo bwo guhisha ubutumwa bujyerekeye urugero rw'ukuri rw'uwo muganira na we, bityo abageza ubutumwa babona uwayakiriye n'igihe cyabereye.

Buri 'client' ya Nostr iri hano ikohereza kuri NIP-17 gift wraps igira imiterere imwe ya 'one-to-one', ari na yo ituma Armada, Vector na XChat berekana 'sender only' na bo — guhindagurika muri kolomu y'itsinda ni ukwa Nymchat, si uk'ikoranabuhanga (protocol). White Noise irirwanya mu buryo butandukanye: ubutumwa bwayo bwa MLS bugera kuri 'per-group key' aho kugera kuri buri munyamuryango. Kandi ni yo nshingano SimpleX itagira na gato, mu bwoko bwose bw'ibiganiro, kuko itanga none aho muri 'network' ibonera ikimenyetso cyo guhuza ibintu muri kabere.

Inkingi yanyuma niyo Nymchat itakaza, kandi yatakaje ubutaka uyumwaka. Briar yabaye yagenzuwe na Cure53, SimpleX na Trail ya Bits, Urusaku rwera nubuyobozi buke muri Mata 2026, na Signal, Matrix na Delta Ikiganiro inshuro nyinshi nibigo byinshi. Nymchat itarabona a ubugenzuzi bwabandi. Icyo itanga ahubwo nuko ibintu byose bifungura isoko kandi ubwubatsi bwoherejwe burabyara, urashobora rero kugenzura binary ukoresheje isoko wenyine - reba Imyororokere yubaka. Ntabwo ari a gusimbuza ubugenzuzi, kandi iyi page ntabwo igiye kwitwaza ko ari.

Icyo ushobora gukora mubyukuri

Briar, Bitchat, Vector na Urusaku rwera niho "icyerekezo" igice cyumugambi kiza kuva, n'umurongo ubashyira hari guhamagarwa inkingi: ntanumwe murimwe uzashyira a ijwi cyangwa guhamagara. Ntabwo ari ukubura ibintu biranga ahandi. Bitchat ubu ibanga ryibanga hamwe nijwi ryijwi hejuru ya mesh ubwayo - ikibazo gikomeye kurenza amajwi kuri radio itinze, isangiwe, ikoreshwa na bateri, hamwe nicyuho cya Nymchat ifite gufunga.

Ikiganiro kizima nicyo gisigaye. Ihamagarwa rikeneye inzira ya duplex ifite ubukererwe buke, iyo a Multi-hop ya mesh ntishobora kuguha, Nymchat rero itwara guhamagara kumurongo kandi kugwa kumyandiko na mesh mugihe ntayo. Iri ni itandukaniro riri hagati ya porogaramu ibyo bikomeza gukora mwirabura kandi nawe wakoresha kuwa kabiri.

Inkingi yungirije ikeneye caveat yerekeza kure ya Nymchat. Meta AI numufasha nyawe yubatswe muri WhatsApp, na Vector ikora ku gikoresho cyawe - Kwongorera gukora kwandukura no guhinduranya mugace, ninkuru nziza yukuri yibanga kuruta Nymbot's. Ibyo Nymbot iguha ahubwo ni umufasha ushobora gukoresha mumuyoboro rusange utarinze kwimenyekanisha, mukiganiro cyihariye nimpano ipfunyitse nkizindi ikiganiro. Reba Ikiganiro cyihariye - andika ko umukoresha wa bot arashobora gusoma ibyo wohereje, nukuri kuri buri seriveri-mpande umufasha kururu rutonde.

Aho ikorera, ninde uyiyobora

Nymchat ya iOS yubaka iri kuri TestFlight aho kuba Ububiko bwa App, nukuri "igice" - ishyira kuri iPhone iyariyo yose, ariko ikoresheje umuyoboro wa beta wa Apple. Briar na Vector nta iOS yubaka na gato, kandi Briar avuga impamvu byumvikana: iOS ntizemera inyuma inzira ikomeze urungano rwurungano ruzima nkuko imyubakire ikeneye. Nymchat yiruka verisiyo yoroheje y'urukuta rumwe, niyo mpamvu imenyesha rya iOS riza bitinze mugihe porogaramu ihagarikwa. Reba Ikirukira he.

Inkingi ikwiye guhagarara ni imwe yo kwakira kopi yawe bwite, kuko asobanura uburyo intumwa ipfa mu gihugu. Ntabwo ari isesengura - gutondeka. Apple na Google ni ingingo imwe, leta irabizi, na porogaramu yakuwe muri yombi amaduka yagiye kubantu hafi ya bose bayakoreshaga.

Urubuga rwa Nymchat ni HTML isanzwe, CSS na JavaScript hamwe na nta ntambwe yo kubaka. Bikore uhereye kuri host hostic, USB inkoni cyangwa localhost kandi ni porogaramu yose - protocole imwe, relay imwe, umuyoboro umwe nkuko terefone yubaka, igashyirwa murugo murugo kuva mushakisha. Nta kintu na kimwe kwemeza kandi ntacyo ugomba kumanura. Indangarubuga irashobora guhagarikwa; dosiye abantu ibihumbi bimaze kuba ntibishobora gutangazwa.

Abandi babiri barashobora gukora ibi, kandi bombi bakwiriye guhabwa inguzanyo. Urubuga rwibanze rwahozeho kwiyakira, kandi Armada ijya kure cyane kubantu bose hano - yerekana uburyo bwo kuyobora urubuga, porogaramu yumuryango hamwe na seriveri yijwi wenyine. Cumi n'umwe isigaye ntishobora: Ikimenyetso, Isomo, SimpleX, Briar, Ikiganiro cya Delta, Vector, Urusaku rwera, Bitchat na XChat ni Porogaramu kavukire idafite amashusho yubaka, umukiriya wurubuga rwa Telegramu avugana na Telegramu gusa, Urubuga rwa WhatsApp rukeneye terefone yo guhuza.

Ibyo Nymchat gusa akora

Ikintu kimwe ntakindi hano gikora, na bine izindi porogaramu zisangiye.

• Mesh kuri buri platform yohereza. Briar na Bitchat byombi udafite ibikorwa remezo, kandi Bitchat ubu itwara amafoto nayo hejuru - ariko ntayo Ahamagara. Nymchat niyo porogaramu yonyine hano aho uburyo bwa interineti butagaruka imbere intumwa yuzuye kuruta ibicuruzwa byose, kandi irasa nkurungano rwuzuye kuri Android na iOS kandi nkibabi muri mushakisha ya Chromium. Umwijima ntusuzuma telefone waguze.
• Ibyumba rusange byerekanwa ahantu. Umuyoboro wa geohash uhindura kare iyo ari yo yose Isi mucyumba cyo kuganiriraho idakeneye nyirayo, nta moderi cyangwa ubutumire - umuntu wese igikoresho cye gikemura kuri iyo kare kimaze kubamo. Bitchat ifite ibi nabyo, kandi porogaramu ebyiri zisangira ibyumba. Ntawundi ufite ikintu nkicyo. Reba Imiyoboro ya Geohash.
• Amafaranga yimuka mubiganiro. Inkuba iracika kubutumwa cyangwa umwirondoro, utuje urungano kugirango urungano mumasegonda igice cyijana. Ntabwo ari a Nymchat yihariye kuri Nostr - XChat ifite zaps kandi Vector yohereza ikotomoni - ariko ni hahandi hose kururu rutonde, kandi Nymchat niyo porogaramu yonyine ifite iruhande rwa a mesh. Reba Kohereza zap.
• Nyuma ya kwant encryption kuri Nostr. Ubutumwa bwihariye n'imiyoboro y'ibiganiro (group chats) bya Nymchat bishyira ubutumwa busanzwe bwa NIP-44 mu rwego rwa kabiri rwa ML-KEM-768, kugira ngo imiyoboro yanditswe uyu munsi itazashobora gusomwa n'imashini ya quantum izaza. Ibi si ibitekerezo bishya bya Nymchat — Signal na SimpleX byabikoze mbere, kandi bikabivuga mu ijwi riranguruye — ariko kuri Nostr, Nymchat ni yo yonyine ibikora. XChat, Vector, Armada, White Noise n'andi manini yose ya Nostr hano bafunza ubutumwa bakoresheje secp256k1 gusa. Ntabwo bisaba guhindura ibintu (setting) cyangwa guhinduranya amashimire (key exchange) ubona: abakoresha Nymchat babibona mu buryo bw'imitekerereze, kandi ubutumwa butereye umukoresha wa Bitchat cyangwa Nostr isanzwe buhindukira ku nzego za NIP-17 kugira ngo buge. Reba Ibanga rya nyuma.
• Amatsinda yo kuganira ahisha abanyamuryango babo. Gupfunyika impano isanzwe asohora urutonde rwabanyamuryango - N apfunyika kuri N pubkeys mugihe kimwe ni imibereho igishushanyo nubwo ntakintu gifungura. Nymchat izunguruka urufunguzo rwabakiriye kugirango ubwo buryo bukore ntabwo ari form. Urusaku rwera na XChat bigera kumutungo umwe binyuze muri MLS aho; bitatu muri twe twenyine kururu rutonde mu kugira rwose. Reba Uburyo itsinda ryibanga rikora.

Aho abandi bakomeye

Buri kimwe muribi nimpamvu ifatika yo guhitamo ikindi, kandi ntanumwe murimwe uzaba yagiye impaka hano.

Ninde ukwiye gukoresha

Tuvugishije ukuri: barenze umwe. Ibi ni ubuntu, kandi ntacyo batwaye kugirango bakomeze gushyirwaho kurwanya umunsi ubakeneye.

• Ukeneye gusubirwamo cyane. Ikimenyetso, hanyuma ushire Nymchat kuruhande rwayo iyo umuyoboro ugiye.
• Ukeneye umuyoboro kugirango utazi ko uhari. ByorohejeX.
• Wowe uri mu myigaragambyo, ibirori, stade, cyangwa ahandi interineti yagiye gukata. Nymchat cyangwa Bitchat, cyangwa Armada niba abantu bose bahari kuri Android - kandi ntacyo bitwaye kurenza uko wabitekereza, kuko bakora mesh imwe.
• Urashaka porogaramu imwe kubiganiro bya buri munsi nabyo bikomeza a umwijima. Nymchat. Ninimpamvu yose ibaho.
• Ushaka itsinda ryiza ryibanga kuri Nostr. Urusaku rwera, urwo ubu ifite ubugenzuzi bwo kuyisubiza inyuma, cyangwa XChat niba wifuza kugira zaps no guhamagara muri porogaramu imwe.
• Ugomba gukoresha ibikorwa remezo wenyine, muri politiki yawe bwite. Element hamwe na nyiri urugo rwawe, Armada hamwe na relay yawe hamwe nijwi rya seriveri, cyangwa Delta Ganira na seriveri yawe bwite.
• Urateganya ko porogaramu ihagarikwa aho utuye. Nymchat. Porogaramu y'urubuga ni ububiko bwa dosiye zidafite intambwe yo kubaka, bityo ikora kuva static host, USB inkoni cyangwa localhost, kandi nta bubiko bwerekana gukuraho.

Niba wasanze kugereranya kwinyangamugayo bifasha kandi Nymchat nimwe ushaka kugerageza, Gutangira bifata umunota umwe kandi ntacyo agusaba.