Okubelelwe elwazini / Qala apha

Indlela iNymchat ithelekisa ngayo

I-Nymchat ilinganiswe ngokuchasene nabanye abathunywa abalishumi elinesithathu, kwizinto ngokwenene yahluka phakathi kwabo. Apho umntu okhuphisana naye ungcono, eli phepha litsho njalo - uthelekiso ukuba umbhali wayo okuphumelela umqolo ngamnye akukho uthelekiso.

Eli phepha liguqulelwe ngoomatshini ukuze kube lula. Uqobo lwesiNgesi yinguqulelo esebenzayo.

Ngokukrwaqula kanye

Ufihlo sisiteki setafile kweli phepha: phantse yonke into elapha iyenza ngokungagqibekanga, kwaye I-Nymchat iqhubela phambili kuninzi - akukho nombolo yefowuni, akukho akhawunti, kwaye isipho esisongelweyo imiyalezo apho iireyidi ezizithweleyo zingakwazi ukuyifunda okanye zibonakalise. Apho intsimi ngokwenene iyahlukana kwenzeka ntoni xa izibonelelo zihamba. Phantse wonke umthunywa owaziwayo ofihliweyo uyeka efile ngaphandle kwe-intanethi, kuba ukhuseleko lwayo imodeli ithatha umncedisi onokufikelela kuyo. Iqaqobana eliqhubeka lisebenza ngaphandle komnye ngokwembali ihlawulwe ngokuba kancinci kakhulu kwiimpawu.

Ukucwangcisa intsimi ngokuchasene nale mibuzo mibini - ungakanani umthunywa owufumanayo, kwaye nokuba kunjalo isinda kwinethiwekhi isihla - ishiya ikona enye phantse ingenanto:

Leyo yintetho epheleleyo, kwaye lonke eli phepha bubungqina bayo. I-Nymchat ayikho esona sithunywa sabucala sakha sakhiwa - iSimpleX inebango elinamandla kuloo nto, uMhlophe Ingxolo ine-cryptography yeqela engcono, kwaye iSiginali ineminyaka yophicotho iNymchat ayinayo. I ibango limxinwa: yiyo yodwa kwezi ecoca loo bar kwaye isasebenza xa inethiwekhi iphelile.

Isazisi sesinye isiqingatha sayo. Ukungagqibeki kweNymchat yi-nym eyenziwe xa uvula usetyenziso kwaye ilahlwe kude xa ugqibile, nge Imowudi yesiporho ukujikelezisa izitshixo kunye negama leBluetooth kunye kunye nemiyalezo ezicimayo ngasemva wena. Uninzi loluhlu lukunika iakhawunti enye ekulandelayo phakathi kwamagumbi naphakathi iminyaka. I-Nymchat ikuvumela ukuba uthethe into kwisihlwele ngaphandle kokuba ikulandele ekhaya.

Abathunywa kulo mzekeliso

Abakhuphisani abalishumi elinesithathu, abachongiweyo kuba ngamnye ulungile ngenene kwinto ekufuneka uNymchat ayenze impendulo ye. Ukuduma kukodwa kwakungeyiyo ikhrayitheriya - ukuba bekunjalo, olu luhlu luya kuba ii -apps ezintathu ezinde kwaye zincinci kakhulu.

Usetyenziso olukolu luhlu lukufutshane neNymchat yi Bitchat, kwaye akukufutshane phakathi abaphume kwindawo yesibini. Aba babini babelana nge-Bluetooth mesh, babelana ngeeshaneli ze-geohash, kwaye bona zibotshelelwe kwinqanaba leprotocol - umsebenzisi weBitchat kunye nomsebenzisi weNymchat ngokufanayo geohash bakwigumbi elinye, bafunda imiyalezo yomnye nomnye, kungekho app eyenza kwanto ekhethekileyo. Ayikho enye into apha enobudlelwane noNymchat. Abathunywa beNostr — XChat, Vector, Armada, White Noise — yabelana ngenethiwekhi kunye nomyalezo wabucala ifomathi, ezenza uthelekiso olukufutshane lweeDMs ezifihliweyo kunye nezaps, kodwa akukho nanye kuzo iimeshes kwaye akukho nalinye linamagumbi asekelwe kwindawo.

Uphawu ngophawu

Iitheyibhile ezintlanu, ezibekwe ngokwamaqela ngombuzo impendulo nganye. Yonke ikholamu ibhalwe ukuze Ewe yimpendulo elungileyo — akukho miqolo apho iseli eluhlaza ziindaba ezimbi. I iitafile skrola emacaleni kwiscreen esimxinwa, kwaye igama le-app lihlala libekwe ngelixa besenza.

Ukungena

Isiginali, iTelegram kunye ne-WhatsApp zonke zibopha iakhawunti yakho kwinombolo yefowuni, eyona nto ininzi amazwe kuthetha ukuyibophelela kwi-ID karhulumente. Umqondiso wenze ngaphezu kwakhe nabani na ukunciphisa umonakalo - amagama abasebenzisi athetha ukuba awusoze unike inombolo kumfowunelwa, kwaye ifihlwa ngu okungagqibekanga — kodwa ubhaliso lusafuna inombolo esebenzayo, kwaye loo nombolo yi iakhawunti.

"Ivuleleke kubantu ongabaziyo" ngumqolo owahlula inethiwekhi yoluntu kwincwadi yeedilesi. Briar, I-SimpleX kunye ne-Delta Chat zonke zifuna ukuba utshintshe into yokuqala - ikhowudi ye-QR, a ikhonkco, idilesi - egqwesileyo kubumfihlo kwaye ayinamsebenzi wokungena kwigumbi nokufumanisa ukuba kwenzeka ntoni. I-Nymchat's ephemeral nym sisitshixo esiveliswe ngoku uvula usetyenziso; bona Iimpawu ze-Ephemeral, kwaye Imowudi yesiporho yoguqulelo olujikelezayo ukuba kwakhona iyatshintsha into ethengiswa ngunomathotholo weBluetooth.

Ukuhlala phezulu

Le yitafile iNymchat ekhoyo, kwaye ezinye ii-apps ezintathu ziyayiphendula. UBriar uyathwala imiyalezo ngeBluetooth, Wi-Fi kunye nezinti USB. I-Bitchat yi-mesh yeBluetooth kuqala kwaye yonke enye into yesibini. I-Armada ihambisa istaki se-Bitchat se-Android se-mesh ngaphakathi kwe-app yayo, ngoku Android.

I-Nymchat yabelana ngefomathi yemesh kunye neBitchat ngenjongo: ezi zixhobo zimbini zijoyina amagumbi afanayo kunye relay enye kwenye, eyenza inethiwekhi engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi ibe nkulu kuzo zombini. Isebenza kwi Android kunye ne-iOS njengentanga epheleleyo, kunye nakwiziphequluli zeChromium njengegqabi elinokufumana kwaye lithumele kodwa hayi zibhengeze. 'Yabona Ukwabelana ngomnatha kunye neBitchat kwaye Ibaleka ntoni phi.

Ikholamu yokugqibela ifanelekile ukuba ifundwe ngononophelo. Isiginali yinto engenzi nzuzo enerekhodi elungileyo kwaye hayi injongo yokuya naphi na, kodwa uMqondiso ngaphandle kweeseva zoMqondiso akukho nto kwaphela. Nostr iireyilayi, iiseva zasekhaya zeMatrix, iireyilayi zeSimpleX kunye neeseva zeposi eziqhelekileyo zonke zisoftware nakubani na inokuqhuba, ke "umbutho uyacima" kwaye "inethiwekhi iyafa" ziziganeko ezahlukeneyo. Delta Incoko ineyona nguqulelo inamandla yale ngxabano kuluhlu: ikhwela kwi-imeyile, engeyiyo ukuya naphi na.

Yintoni ebonwa yinethiwekhi

I-post-quantum ye-column ikhona malunga neentsholongwane eyodwa elifanelekileyo: i-adversary ibhalisele iintsholongwane ebhalisiweyo namhlanje ukuze ifumanise kwiminyaka elandelayo, xa i-computer ye-quantum inokufutshane i-classical key agreement apho zonke i-app aphelile apha. Akukho into ekhuseleko i-message evela kumadoda enokufumana ngoku, kwaye akuyona i-signatures - kuphela ngenxa ye-privacy. Iintsholongwane ezimbini kule list ziye zithunyelwa, kwaye zonke iintsholongwane zihlanganisa i-post-quantum key kwi-exchange ye-classic ukuze ukufumana i-message kunokuba kutshintshe. zombiniI-Signal - okokuqala, kunye ne-PQXDH, kwaye emva kokuba ifumaneka yi-post-quantum ratchet - kunye ne-SimpleX, kunye ne-sntrup761 kwi-double ratchet yayo, Ukudibanisa iingubo ezimbini ezahlukileyo ezahlukileyo kwi-key enye. Nymchat Ukucinga Kwimeko: ingxelo le-NIP-44 ibonakala ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye ifakwe ngexesha elidlulileyo kwi-ChaCha20-Poly1305, ifakwe kwi-encapsulation ye-ML-KEM-768 - i-NIST standard, i-FIPS 203. Ukudibanisa kufuneka i-output engapheliyo ye-exchange ye-classical, leyo i-browser extension okanye i-remote signer ayidlulanga, ngoko i-layering yinto ebonakalisa ukuba ama-logins zihlanganisa nangona. I-Post-quantum encryption. Lo ngumqolo oza kuguga ngokukhawuleza, kwaye u-"Hayi" apha uthetha "ayithunyelwanga njengoko kubhaliwe", hayi "nakanye".

Iiyunithi ezimbini ziquka iiyunithi elinye, kwaye yokuqala yaye ye-Nymchat. I-Nymchat Ayikho I-Ford SecrecyI-NIP-44 ikhiqiza ikhoyili yayo kwiingubo ezimbini ze-identity, kwaye i-ML-KEM ikhoyili le-post-quantum ikhoyili i-encapsulates ikhoyili elide kakhulu, ngoko nayiphi na umntu oya kufumana i-click yakho. nsec Ukongeza kwakhona nympq1… ikhowudi, kwi-post-quantum layer - inokufunda zonke iingxelo zithunyelwe iingxelo ziye zithunyelwe, akukho kuphela iingxelo ezidlulileyo. Ukunyamalala PM (imfihlo phambili) I-Privacy & Security yi-NIP-40 isivumelwano se-expiration ebandakanya i-relay to drop the message later; nto leyo i-disappearing-messages column, akukho le nto. ITelegram i-encrypting end-to-end ngaphandle kwe-Secret Chat, leyo ye-one-to-one kuphela kwaye ayixhomekeke phakathi kwizixhobo zakho - ngoko ngokwenene ngexesha lokuba zonke i-Telegram conversation, kwaye yonke Iqela leTelegram, lihlala lifundeka kwiiseva zeTelegram. Iseshoni yehla ngabom imfihlo xa isuka kwiSiginali protocol, okuthetha ukuba isitshixo esibiweyo sexesha elide sibhentsisa yonke imbali kunembalwa yamva nje imiyalezo; Iprojekthi ithe inguqulelo yeprotocol yexesha elizayo iya kuyibuyisela. Delta Ncokola ilifa ukungabikho OpenPGP's imfihlo phambili, kwaye uthe I-Autocrypt v2 iya kuyilungisa.

I-metadata ye-column ifumaneka, kwi-Nymchat, phakathi kwezinye iintlobo ze-conversation. Yonke i-cadee wrap ifumaneka nge-throwable key, ngoko i-relay ayikwazi ukucinga ukuba Ukucinga eyona. Yintoni eyahlukileyo i-receiver. A wrap ibonisa enye kwi-a p i-tag, kwi-clear, ngenxa yokuba le tag yindlela yokufumana i-message ngokwenene - kodwa kwi Iinkampani ukuba i-tag ibonelela i-rotating per-member key kunokuba yi-member ye-real, ngoko i-member's membership ayibonakalanga njengoko i-N ibonakalisa kwi-N pubkeys ngexesha elifanayo kwaye i-relay ayibonakalisa akukho naphambili. Lusebenza njani uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo lweqelaUkusuka a Umnqweno inkcazelo akukho nto ukuba uqhagamshelane: i-wrap ifumaneka kwi-peer's real key, ngoko i-relays uya kufumana ukuba unayo kwaye ngexesha eliphantsi.

Wonke i-Nostr client apha enikezela kwi-NIP-17 iingxowa zeengxowa kunye ne-one-to-one, ngoko ke i-Armada, i-Vector kunye ne-XChat zibonise i-"sender-only" kakhulu - i-rotating kwi-column ye-group yi-Nymchat, ayikho yi-protocol. I-White Noise ibonakele ngokufanayo: amaxwebhu zayo ze-MLS zithunyelwa kwi-per-group key kunokuba kwi-member eyodwa. Kwaye i-gap ye-SimpleX ayikho nangona, kwiziphi na iintlobo ze-conversation, ngenxa yokuba inika inethiwekhi akayi kuqala.

Ikholamu yokugqibela yile iNymchat iphulukene nayo, kwaye ilahlekelwe ngumhlaba kulo nyaka. UBriar uye waba iphicothwe yiCure53, iSimpleX yiTrail of Bits, Ingxolo emhlophe nguGunyaziwe oNgaphantsi ngo-Epreli ka-2026, kunye Umqondiso, iMatrix kunye neDelta Ncokola ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngamafemu amaninzi. I-Nymchat ayikabikho uphicotho lomntu wesithathu. Yintoni enikezelayo endaweni yoko kukuba yonke into ingumthombo ovulekileyo kunye ne ukwakhiwa ngenqanawa kuyaphindaphindeka, ngoko ungajonga okubini ngokuchasene nomthombo ngokwakho — bona Ukwakhiwa kwakhona. Ayiyiyo leyo endaweni yophicotho, kwaye eli phepha alizukuzenza ngathi linjalo.

Yintoni onokuyenza ngokwenene

I-Briar, iBitchat, iVector kunye neNtsholo emhlophe kulapho isiqingatha "sigxininise" sesicwangciso siza khona ukusuka, kwaye umgca ozibeka apho kukho ikholamu yeefowuni: akukho nanye kwezine ziya kubeka a umnxeba welizwi okanye wevidiyo. Ayikokunqongophala kweempawu kwenye indawo. I-Bitchat ngoku iyahamba Iifoto ezifihliweyo kunye namanqaku elizwi ngaphezulu kwe-mesh ngokwayo - ingxaki enzima kunayo isandi kwirediyo ecothayo, ekwabelwana ngayo, enebhetri, kunye nesikhewu ngokuchasene neNymchat enayo ivaliwe.

Incoko ephilayo yinto eseleyo. Umnxeba udinga i-duplex indlela ene-latency ephantsi, ethi a I-multi-hop ye-Bluetooth mesh ayinakukunika, ke iNymchat ithwala iifowuni kwinethiwekhi kwaye iwela umva kumbhalo kunye nomnatha xa kungekho. Lowo ngumahluko phakathi kwe-app leyo igcina ukusebenza kumnyama kwaye enye uya kuyisebenzisa ngoLwesibini.

Ikholamu yomncedisi idinga i-caveat ekhomba kude neNymchat. I-Meta AI ngumncedisi wokwenene yakhelwe kwi-WhatsApp, kunye neVector's runs kwisixhobo sakho — Ukusebeza ushicilelo kunye noguqulelo ekuhlaleni, elibali ngenene elingcono labucala kunokuba Nymbot's. Yintoni uNymbot akunika yona endaweni yoko ngumncedisi onokumsebenzisa kwisitishi sikawonke-wonke ngaphandle kokuzazisa, kwincoko yabucala esisipho esongwayo njengayo nayiphi na enye incoko. 'Yabona Incoko yabucala - kwaye uqaphele ukuba umqhubi webhot usenokufunda into oyithumelayo, eyinyani kulo lonke icala leseva umncedisi kolu luhlu.

Apho ibaleka khona, kwaye iqhutywa ngubani

Ukwakhiwa kwe-iOS yeNymchat ikwiTestFlight kuneVenkile yeApp, enyanisekileyo "ngokuyinxenye" - ifaka kuyo nayiphi na i-iPhone, kodwa ngejelo le-beta le-Apple. Briar kunye IVector ayinayo i-iOS yokwakha konke konke, kwaye uBriar uthi kutheni ngokucacileyo: i-iOS ayiyi kuvumela imvelaphi inkqubo gcina unxibelelwano kontanga-to-peer ephila ngendlela iimfuno zayo zoyilo. I-Nymchat ingena inguqulelo ethambileyo yodonga olufanayo, yiyo loo nto izaziso ze-iOS zifika emva kwexesha ngelixa i-app inqunyanyisiwe. 'Yabona Ibaleka ntoni phi.

Ikholamu ekufanele kumiswe kuyo ngowokusingatha ikopi yakho, kuba yona ichaza indlela umthunywa afela ngayo elizweni. Hayi cryptanalysis - delisting. I-Apple kunye noGoogle yindawo yokukrwitsha enye, oorhulumente bayayazi, kwaye usetyenziso lususiwe kuzo zombini iivenkile ziphelile phantse wonke umntu obeyisebenzisa.

Usetyenziso lwewebhu lweNymchat luyi-HTML ecacileyo, iCSS kunye neemodyuli zeJavaScript ezine akukho nyathelo lokwakha. Yikhonze kuyo nayiphi na inginginya engatshintshiyo, i-USB intonga okanye inginginya yendawo kwaye iyi-app iyonke - iprothokholi efanayo, iireyidi ezifanayo, inethiwekhi efanayo njengoko ifowuni yakha, iyafakeka kwisikrini sasekhaya ukusuka kwisikhangeli. Akukho nto vuma kwaye akukho nto inokuthabatha. Indawo inokuthintelwa; ifayile ukuba amawaka abantu esele ayinakupapashwa.

Abanye ababini banokukwenza oku, yaye bobabini bafanelwe yimbeko. IWebhu ye-Element ibisoloko ikhona ukuzibamba, kwaye iArmada iya kude kuye nabani na apha-ibhala indlela yokuqhuba usetyenziso lwewebhu, i-relay yoluntu kunye neseva yelizwi ngokwakho. Abalishumi elinanye abaseleyo abanaku: Umqondiso, iSeshini, iSimpleX, iBriar, iNcoko yeDelta, iVector, ingxolo emhlophe, iBitchat kunye neXChat izicelo zomthonyama ngaphandle kokwakhiwa kwesikhangeli, umxhasi wewebhu weTelegram uthetha kuphela kwiTelegram, kunye neWebhsayithi ye-WhatsApp idinga ifowuni ukuze idibene nayo.

Yintoni eyenziwa nguNymchat kuphela

Into enye ayikho enye into eyenzayo apha, kwaye ezine ukuba iqaqobana lezinye iiapps zabelana.

• Umnatha kwiqonga ngalinye ethunyelwa kulo. UBriar kunye neBitchat bobabini bayanikezelana ngaphandle kweziseko zophuhliso, kwaye iBitchat ngoku iphethe iifoto phezu kwayo nayo - kodwa akunjalo uya kwenza umnxeba. I-Nymchat kuphela kwe-app apha apho imowudi engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi iyinto yokubuyela umva ngaphakathi kwesithunywa esipheleleyo kunemveliso yonke, kwaye idibanisa njengentanga epheleleyo kwi-Android kunye ne-iOS nanjengegqabi kwiziphequluli zeChromium. Ukucima okumnyama akujongi ukuba yeyiphi ifowuni oyithengileyo.
• Amagumbi oluntu athunyelwa ngendawo. Itshaneli ye-geohash ijika nasiphi na isikwere Umhlaba ungene kwigumbi lengxoxo elingadingi mnini, akukho mongameli kwaye akukho simemo - wonke umntu osixhobo sakhe sisombulula kweso sikwere sele sikuyo. IBitchat inale nto nayo, kwaye ezi apps zimbini zabelana ngamagumbi. Akukho mntu wumbi unento efana nayo. 'Yabona Imijelo yeGeohash.
• Imali ehamba kwincoko. Umbane ugqabhuza umyalezo okanye iprofayile, ihlaliswe ntanga ukuya kwimizuzwana ngeqhezu leesenti. Oku akusiyo a I-Nymchat ikhethekileyo kwi-Nostr - i-XChat ine-zaps kunye ne-Vector ithumela isipaji-kodwa ikuyo yonke enye indawo kolu luhlu, kwaye iNymchat kuphela kweapp enayo ecaleni kwe umnatha. 'Yabona Ukuthumela i-zap.
• I-Post-quantum encryption kwi-Nostr. Iingxelo zeNymchat kunye neengxelo zeengqungquthela zeengqungquthela ze-NIP-44 ezivamile zihlanganisa kwi-layer ye-ML-KEM-768, ngoko i-traffic ebhalisiweyo namhlanje ayikwazi ukufumana kwikhompyutha ye-quantum elandelayo. Oku ayikwazi ukufumana i-Nymchat - I-Signal kunye ne-SimpleX ziye kuqala, kwaye zithi ngqo - kodwa kwi-Nostr i-Nymchat kuphela. I-XChat, i-Vector, i-Armada, i-White Noise kunye nabanye abathengi beNostr apha zihlanganiswa nge-secp256k1 kunye nokuninzi. Akukho ukulawula kwaye akukho i-key exchange unako ukufumana: I-Post-quantum encryption.
• Iincoko zeqela ezifihla ubulungu bawo. Ukusonga isipho esisemgangathweni ivuza uluhlu lwamalungu — N usonga ukuya kwi-N pubkeys ngephanyazo yintlalontle igrafu nangona kungekho nto icocayo. I-Nymchat ijikelezisa izitshixo zomamkeli ukuze le pateni yenze hayi indlela. Ingxolo emhlophe kunye ne-XChat zifikelela kwipropati enye nge-MLS endaweni yoko; aba bathathu kuthi sisodwa kolu luhlu ngokuba nalo kwaphela. 'Yabona Lusebenza njani uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo lweqela.

Apho abanye bomelele khona

Zonke ezi sisizathu sokwenyani sokukhetha enye into, kwaye akukho nanye kuzo eya kuba kwaxoxiswana apha.

Yiyiphi omele uyisebenzise

Thembeka: ngaphezu kwesinye. Ezi simahla, kwaye azibizi nto ukugcina zifakiwe ngokuchasene ne imini uzidinga.

• Ufuna eyona cryptography ijongiwe ngamandla. Umqondiso, kwaye ubeke iNymchat ecaleni kwayo xa inethiwekhi ihamba.
• Udinga inethiwekhi ukuze ungazi ukuba ukhona. I-SimpleX.
• Ukuqhankqalazo, kumnyhadala, kwibala lezemidlalo, okanye kwindawo apho i-intanethi ibikhona ukusika. Nymchat okanye iBitchat, okanye iArmada ukuba wonke umntu ukhona kwi-Android — kwaye ibalulekile kancinci kunokuba unokucinga ukuba yeyiphi, kuba baqhuba umnatha ofanayo.
• Ufuna usetyenziso olunye lwencoko yemihla ngemihla nayo esindayo ubumnyama. Nymchat. Eso sisizathu siphela sobukho.
• Ufuna eyona encryption yeqela kwi-Nostr. Ingxolo emhlophe, leyo ngoku inophicotho ukuyibuyisela, okanye XChat ukuba ungathanda ukuba zaps kunye neminxeba kwi usetyenziso olufanayo.
• Kufuneka uziqhube ngokwakho izibonelelo, phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo wakho. Isixhobo esinomncedisi wakho wasekhaya, iArmada ene-relay yakho kunye neseva yelizwi, okanye iDelta Ncokola neseva yakho yemeyile.
• Ulindele ukuba usetyenziso luvalwe apho uhlala khona. Nymchat. I-app yewebhu lulawulo lweefayile olungenanyathelo lokwakha, ngoko lubaleka kwinginginya engatshintshiyo, intonga ye-USB okanye Inginginya yendawo, kwaye akukho luhlu lwevenkile olunokushenxiswa.

Ukuba ufumene uthelekiso lwethu olunyanisekileyo luluncedo kwaye iNymchat yeyona nto ufuna ukuyizama, Ndiyaqalisa ithatha malunga nomzuzu kwaye ayikuceli nto.