Maziko a chidziwitso / Yambirani apa

Momwe Nymchat ikufananizira

Nymchat anayeza motsutsana ndi amithenga ena khumi ndi atatu, pa zinthu zomwe kwenikweni kusiyana pakati pawo. Kumene wopikisana naye ali bwino, tsamba ili likutero - kuyerekezera zomwe zili ndi wolemba wake kupambana mzere uliwonse si kuyerekeza.

Tsambali lamasuliridwa pamakina kuti zikhale zosavuta. Chingelezi choyambirira ndi chomwe chimagwira ntchito.

Kungoyang'ana

Kubisa ndizomwe zili patsamba lino: pafupifupi chilichonse apa chimachita mwachisawawa, ndi Nymchat imapita patsogolo kuposa ambiri - palibe nambala yafoni, palibe akaunti, komanso mphatso-yokutidwa mauthenga omwe otumizirana mauthenga omwe amawanyamula sangathe kuwawerenga kapena kufotokoza. Kumunda kwenikweni kugawanika ndi zomwe zimachitika pamene zomangamanga zichoka. Pafupifupi mthenga aliyense wodziwika bwino amasiya kufa popanda intaneti, chifukwa chitetezo chake model imatengera seva yomwe imatha kufika. Ochepa omwe akugwirabe ntchito popanda wina ali nawo mbiri amalipira chifukwa kukhala ochepa kwambiri pa mbali.

Kukonzekera gawo motsutsana ndi mafunso awiriwa - kuchuluka kwa mesenja komwe mumapeza, komanso kaya imapulumuka netiweki ikutsika - imasiya ngodya imodzi ilibe kanthu:

Ndilo mawu onse, ndipo tsamba lonseli ndi umboni wake. Nymchat ayi mthenga wachinsinsi kwambiri yemwe adamangidwapo - SimpleX ili ndi zonena zamphamvu za izo, White Phokoso lili ndi zilembo zabwino zamagulu, ndipo Signal ili ndi zaka zowerengera Nymchat alibe. The Zomwe zimafuna ndizocheperapo: ndi imodzi yokha mwa izi yomwe imachotsa balalo ndikugwirabe ntchito liti network yapita.

Chidziwitso ndi theka lina la izo. Zosasintha za Nymchat ndi dzina lomwe limapangidwa mukatsegula pulogalamuyi ndi kutayidwa mukamaliza, ndi Ghost Mode kutembenuza makiyi ndi dzina la Bluetooth palimodzi ndi mauthenga omwe amachotsa okha kumbuyo inu. Zambiri mwa mndandandawu zimakupatsani akaunti imodzi yomwe imakutsatirani pakati pa zipinda ndi pakati zaka. Nymchat imakulolani kuti munene kena kake pagulu popanda kukutsatani kunyumba.

Amithenga mu fanizo ili

Opikisana khumi ndi atatu, omwe adasankhidwa chifukwa aliyense ndiwabwino kwambiri pazomwe Nymchat ayenera kutero yankho kwa. Kutchuka kokha sikunali muyeso - zikadakhala, mndandanda uwu ukanakhala mapulogalamu atatu aatali komanso osathandiza kwambiri.

Pulogalamu yomwe ili pamndandanda womwe uli pafupi kwambiri ndi Nymchat ndi Bitchat, ndipo sikuli pafupi omaliza. Awiriwo amagawana mauna a Bluetooth, amagawana njira za geohash, ndipo iwo amalumikizidwa pamlingo wa protocol - wogwiritsa ntchito Bitchat ndi wogwiritsa ntchito Nymchat chimodzimodzi geohash ali m'chipinda chimodzi, akuwerenga mauthenga a wina ndi mzake, popanda pulogalamu yomwe ikuchita kalikonse wapadera. Palibenso china pano chomwe chili ndi ubale ndi Nymchat. Amithenga a Nostr - XChat, Vector, Armada, White Noise - gawani maukonde ndi uthenga wachinsinsi mtundu, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala kufananitsa kwapafupi kwa ma DM ndi zaps, koma palibe ma meshes ndipo palibe ili ndi zipinda zokhala ndi malo.

Chiwonetsero ndi mawonekedwe

Matebulo asanu, ophatikizidwa ndi funso lililonse limayankha. Chigawo chilichonse chimalembedwa kuti Inde ndiye yankho labwino - palibe mizere pomwe selo lobiriwira limakhala nkhani zoyipa. The matebulo amapukutira cham'mbali pazenera yopapatiza, ndipo dzina la pulogalamuyo limakhalabe pomwe akuchita.

Kulowa

Signal, Telegraph ndi WhatsApp zonse zimamanga akaunti yanu ku nambala yafoni, yomwe nthawi zambiri mayiko amatanthauza kumangiriza ku ID ya boma. Signal yachita zambiri kuposa aliyense kuchepetsa kuwonongeka - mayina olowera amatanthauza kuti simupereka nambala kwa wolumikizana naye, ndipo imabisidwa ndi kusakhulupirika - koma kulembetsa kumafunikirabe nambala yogwira ntchito, ndipo nambalayo ndiye akaunti.

"Open kwa alendo" ndi mzere umene umalekanitsa maukonde a anthu onse ndi bukhu la maadiresi. Briar, SimpleX ndi Delta Chat zonse zimafuna kuti musinthe china chake choyamba - QR code, a link, adilesi - yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri pachinsinsi komanso yopanda ntchito polowa mchipinda ndi kudziwa zomwe zikuchitika. Nymchat's ephemeral nym ndi keypair yomwe idapangidwa panthawiyi mumatsegula pulogalamuyi; onani Zizindikiro za Ephemeral, ndi Ghost Mode kwa mtundu wozungulira womwenso amasintha zomwe wailesi yanu ya Bluetooth imatsatsa.

Kukhala pamwamba

Ili ndiye tebulo lomwe Nymchat ilipo, ndipo mapulogalamu ena atatu amayankha. Briar amanyamula mauthenga pa Bluetooth, Wi-Fi ndi USB timitengo. Bitchat ndi mauna a Bluetooth poyamba ndipo china chirichonse chachiwiri. Armada imatumiza ma mesh a Bitchat a Android mkati mwa pulogalamu yake, pa Android.

Nymchat imagawana mtundu wake wa mauna ndi Bitchat dala: mapulogalamu awiriwa amalumikizana ndi zipinda zomwezo kutengerana wina ndi mzake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maukonde osagwirizana ndi intaneti akhale akulu kwa onse awiri. Imagwira pa Android ndi iOS ngati mnzako wathunthu, komanso mu asakatuli a Chromium ngati tsamba lomwe lingalandire ndikutumiza koma ayi lengezani. Mwaona Kugawana mauna ndi Bitchat ndi Zomwe zimathamangira kuti.

Ndime yomaliza ndiyofunika kuiwerenga mosamala. Signal ndi yopanda phindu yokhala ndi mbiri yabwino ndipo ayi cholinga chopita kulikonse, koma Signal popanda ma seva a Signal sichinthu konse. Nostr ma relay, Matrix homeservers, SimpleX relay ndi ma seva wamba amakalata onse ndi mapulogalamu aliwonse akhoza kuthamanga, kotero "bungwe likutseka" ndipo "network ifa" ndizochitika zosiyana. Delta Chat ili ndi mtundu wamphamvu kwambiri wa mkangano uwu pamndandanda: imakwera pa imelo, yomwe siili kupita kulikonse.

Zomwe ma network akuwona

Mawu a za post-quantum ali ndi cholinga chofuna kuuzabe tsoka lina lokha: munthu wamphunzi amene akulemba traffic yomwe yabisidwa lero kuti athe kuivula zaka zambiri kuchokera pano, pamene kompyuta ya quantum ingathe kuwononga kusankha kwa makhitala kumene mapulogalamu onse awa amadalira. Palibe chimene chimateteza uthenga kwa munthu yemwe akhoza kuwerenga panopa, ndipo sizimachitapo kanthu pa zizindikiro — kumapita pa chinsinsi chokha. Mapulogalamu atatu pa mndandawu atumiza chitetezo, ndipo atatatu amenewa akuwonjezera post-quantum key encapsulation pa kusinthana kwa makhitala wamba kuti kuwerenga uthenga kutantha kuwononga onseSawayamanga m'njira imodzi. Signal — koyamba, ndi PQXDH, ndipo kenako inaonjezeredwa ndi post-quantum ratchet — ndipo SimpleX, ndi sntrup761 mu double ratchet yake, kuphatikiza zinsinsi ziwiri zogawana ku kiyi imodzi. Nymchat mizense m'malo mwake: uthenga wa NIP-44 umasungidwa monga ulipo ndipo umatsekedwa nthawi ya chachiwiri m'kati mwa ChaCha20-Poly1305, pogwiritsa ntchito kiyi yochokera ku ML-KEM-768 encapsulation — ndiye ndondomeko ya NIST, FIPS 203. Kuphatikiza kofunika zotsatira zosatsatsa za classical exchange, zomwe browser extension kapena remote signer sadzakhala kuti azipereka, choncho kukhala ndi matengano (layering) ndiko kumapempha kuti malog inayi athe kutengapo mbali. Onani Post-quantum encryption. Ichi ndi gawo lomwe lidzakalamba mofulumira, ndipo "Ayi" apa amatanthauza "sanatumizidwe monga momwe adalembera", osati "sipanakhalepo".

Maselo anayi amayenera kukhala ambiri kuposa selo limodzi, ndipo loyamba mwa iwo ndi ya Nymchat. Nymchat alibe chitetezo cha m'tsogolo, ndipo column ikunena choncho. NIP-44 imapeza kiyi yake kuchokera m'ma kunci awiri a chidindo amene amakhala nthawi yaitali, ndipo ML-KEM key yomwe post-quantum layer imatseka ndi yokhala ya nthawi yaitali komanso, choncho aliyense amene pambuyo pake adzapeza anu nsec — komanso anu nympq1… kodiyo, ya gawo la post-quantum — ingathe kuwerenga uthenga uliwonse wosungidwa amene makiyi amenewa adali atateteza, osati amene ali posachedwapa okha. Chofunika chotchedwa Kuzimiririka PM (patsogolo chinsinsi) m'gawo la Privacy & Security, ndi pempho la NIP-40 la kuthetsa uthenga lomwe likupempha ma relay kuti achotse uthenga pambuyo pake; imeneyo ndi column ya uthenga womwe umafifira, osati iyi. Telegalamu Sizimata uthenga kumapeto kwa amene akulankhula kupatula ngati mwayambitsa Secret Chat, yomwe imakhala ya munthu m'modzi ndi m'modzi okha ndipo sizikugwirizana pakati pa zida zanu — choncho mwachidule, kufupikira zonse zokambirana za Telegram, ndi iliyonse Gulu la Telegraph, limakhala lowerengeka pa ma seva a Telegraph. Gawo idagwetsa dala chinsinsi pomwe idachoka pa Signal protocol, kutanthauza kuti chinsinsi chabedwa chanthawi yayitali chimavumbula mbiri yonse osati yaposachedwa mauthenga; pulojekitiyi yanena kuti ndondomeko yamtsogolo idzabweretsanso. Delta Chat cholowa OpenPGP kupanda chinsinsi patsogolo, ndipo wanena Autocrypt v2 idzakonza.

Column ya metadata, kwa Nymchat, imagawanyika pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya zokambirana zake. Chopakira chilichonse cha mphatso chimatsindika ndi kiyi yoti igwiritsidwe ntchito kamodzi basi, choncho relay sitingathe kudziwa yemwe... ndatumiza imodzi. Zomwe zimasiyana ndi wopokele. Chofunda chimabweretsa mmodzi mwa p chikwangwani, poyera, chifukwa chikwangwani chimenecho ndicho mmene wolandira amapezera uthenga konse — koma m' gulu Chizindikirocho chimakhala ndi kiyi yosintha-sintha ya membala aliyense m'malo mwa kiyi yeniyeni ya membala, choncho mamembala a gulu suoneka ngati N akusanduka N pubkeys nthawi imodzi ndipo relay sikudziwa kumbali iliyonse. Onani Momwe kubisa kwamagulu kumagwirira ntchito. Mu imodzi ndi imodzi Makambirano: palibe chofunika kusinthidwa: kaphukusidwe kathaulidwa kwa kiyi yeniyeni ya mnzake, choncho ma relay aona amene akulandira komanso nthawi yomwe zikuchitika mwachidule.

Kila Nostr client pano imene imapereka NIP-17 gift wraps ili ndi mtundu umodzi wa one-to-one, ndichifukwa chake Armada, Vector ndi XChat zimawonanso kuti "sender only" — rotation mu column ya gulu ndi ya Nymchat, osati ya protocol. White Noise imapewa zimenezi m'njira ina: mauthenga ake a MLS amapita ku per-group key m'malo moti apite kwa membala aliyense. Ndipo ndiye gap imene SimpleX silinayo nalo, pa mtundu uliwonse wa macheza, chifukwa simupatsa network identifier yoti izigwiritsidwe ntchito kulumikizira zinthu kuyambira poyambira.

Danga lomaliza ndi lomwe Nymchat idaluza, ndipo idalephera chaka chino. Briar wakhala yowerengedwa ndi Cure53, SimpleX ndi Trail of Bits, White Noise ndi Least Authority mu Epulo 2026, ndi Signal, Matrix ndi Delta Chat mobwerezabwereza ndi makampani angapo. Nymchat sinakhalepobe ndi a kafukufuku wachitatu. Zomwe zimapereka m'malo mwake ndikuti chinthu chonsecho ndi gwero lotseguka komanso zomwe zimatumizidwa zimatha kubwerezedwanso, kotero mutha kuyang'ana binary potengera komwe mukuchokera — onani Zomanganso zobwereketsa. Izo si a m'malo mwa kafukufuku, ndipo tsamba ili silinamizire kuti litero.

Zomwe mungathe kuchita

Briar, Bitchat, Vector ndi White Noise ndipamene theka lachiwembu limabwera kuchokera, ndipo mzere umene umawayika iwo kumeneko ndi mzati woyitana: palibe mmodzi wa anayi adzaika a mawu kapena kanema kuyimba. Si kusowa kwa mawonekedwe kwina. Bitchat tsopano amanyamula zithunzi zobisika ndi zolemba pamawu pawokha - vuto lalikulu kuposa ilo imamveka pawailesi yoyenda pang'onopang'ono, yogawana nawo, yoyendetsedwa ndi batri, ndi kusiyana kotsutsana ndi Nymchat yomwe ili nayo chatsekedwa.

Kukambitsirana kwamoyo ndi komwe kwatsala. Kuyimba kumafunika njira yobwerezabwereza yokhala ndi latency yochepa, yomwe a Multi-hop Bluetooth mauna sangakupatseni, kotero Nymchat imanyamula mafoni pa netiweki ndi imagweranso pamawu ndi mauna pomwe palibe. Ndiko kusiyana pakati pa pulogalamu zomwe zimagwirabe ntchito mumdima ndipo mungagwiritsenso ntchito Lachiwiri.

Gawo lothandizira likufunika chenjezo lolozera kutali ndi Nymchat. Meta AI ndi wothandizira weniweni yomangidwa mu WhatsApp, ndi ma Vector pa chipangizo chanu - Kunong'onezana kumasulira ndi kumasulira kwanuko, yomwe ili nkhani yachinsinsi yabwinoko kuposa Nymbot pa. Zomwe Nymbot amakupatsani m'malo mwake ndi wothandizira omwe mungagwiritse ntchito panjira yapagulu osadzizindikiritsa, mumacheza amseri omwe ndi mphatso atakulungidwa ngati ina iliyonse kukambirana. Mwaona Macheza achinsinsi - ndi kuzindikira kuti wogwiritsa ntchito bot amathabe kuwerenga zomwe mumatumiza, zomwe ndi zoona kumbali iliyonse ya seva wothandizira pamndandanda uwu.

Kumene imathamangira, ndi ndani akuyendetsa

Nymchat's iOS yomanga ili pa TestFlight osati App Store, yomwe ndi yowona mtima "pang'ono" - imayika pa iPhone iliyonse, koma kudzera pa njira ya beta ya Apple. Briar ndi Vector alibe iOS yomanga konse, ndipo Briar akunena chifukwa chake momveka bwino: iOS sidzalola maziko ndondomeko imasunga maubwenzi a anzawo kukhala amoyo momwe zimafunikira kamangidwe kake. Nymchat ikubwera mtundu wofatsa wa khoma lomwelo, chifukwa chake zidziwitso za iOS zimafika mochedwa pomwe pulogalamuyo yaimitsidwa. Mwaona Zomwe zimathamangira kuti.

Mzere woyenera kuyimitsidwa ndi womwe uyenera kuchititsa kope lanu, chifukwa limafotokoza mmene mesenjala amaferadi m’dziko. Osati cryptanalysis - kuchotsa. Apple ndi Google ndi malo amodzi otsamwitsa, maboma akudziwa, ndi pulogalamu yochotsedwa pawiri masitolo atha pafupifupi aliyense amene anali kugwiritsa ntchito.

Pulogalamu yapaintaneti ya Nymchat ndi ma module a HTML, CSS ndi JavaScript palibe sitepe yomanga. Itumikireni kuchokera kwa static host host, USB stick kapena localhost ndipo ndi pulogalamu yonse - protocol yomweyo, ma relay omwewo, netiweki yomweyo monga foni imamangirira, imatha kukhazikitsidwa pazenera lanyumba kuchokera pa msakatuli. Palibe choti kuvomereza ndipo palibe chochotsera. Dera likhoza kutsekedwa; fayilo yomwe anthu masauzande ambiri zakhala kale sizingasinthidwe.

Ena aŵiri angachite zimenezi, ndipo onse ayenera kutamandidwa. Element Web yakhalapo nthawi zonse wokhazikika, ndipo Armada amapita kutali kwambiri kuposa aliyense pano - imalemba momwe angayendetsere pulogalamu yapaintaneti, gulu lopatsirana komanso seva yamawu nokha. khumi ndi chimodzi otsalawo sangathe: Signal, Session, SimpleX, Briar, Delta Chat, Vector, White Noise, Bitchat ndi XChat ndi mapulogalamu akomwe alibe osatsegula, kasitomala wapaintaneti wa Telegraph amangolankhula ndi Telegraph, ndipo WhatsApp Web ikufunika foni kuti igwirizane nayo.

Zomwe Nymchat yekha amachita

Chinthu chimodzi palibe chomwe chimachita pano, ndi zinayi zomwe mapulogalamu ena ochepa amagawana.

• Ma mesh papulatifomu iliyonse yomwe imatumizidwa. Briar ndi Bitchat onse amalumikizana popanda zomangamanga, ndipo Bitchat tsopano imanyamula zithunzi nazonso - koma ayi adzayimba foni. Nymchat ndiye pulogalamu yokhayo pano pomwe kusapezeka kwa intaneti ndikobwerera mkati mwa mthenga wathunthu m'malo mwa chinthu chonsecho, ndipo amalumikizana ngati mnzake wathunthu pa Android ndi iOS komanso ngati tsamba mu asakatuli a Chromium. Kuzimitsa sikuyang'ana kuti ndi chiyani foni mudagula.
• Zipinda zapagulu zoyankhulidwa ndi malo. Njira ya geohash imayatsa masikweya aliwonse Dziko lapansi kukhala malo ochezera omwe safuna mwiniwake, woyang'anira kapena kuyitanidwa - aliyense amene chida chake chakhazikika pabwaloli ali kale momwemo. Bitchat alinso ndi izi, ndipo mapulogalamu awiriwa amagawana zipinda. Palibe wina aliyense ali nacho chonga icho. Mwaona Njira za Geohash.
• Ndalama zomwe zimayenda mu zokambirana. Mphenzi ikulira pa uthenga kapena mbiri, yokhazikika kuti aziyang'ana mumasekondi pang'ono pang'ono. Izi si a Nymchat yokha pa Nostr - XChat ili ndi zaps ndipo Vector imatumiza chikwama - koma ili paliponse pamndandandawu, ndipo Nymchat ndiye pulogalamu yokhayo yomwe ili nayo pambali pa a mauna. Mwaona Kutumiza zap.
• Post-quantum encryption pa Nostr. Mauthenga achinsolo komanso magulu a macheza a Nymchat amatseka mawu a NIP-44 m'malo ena amodzi a ML-KEM-768, kuti mauthenga omwe asungidwa lero asathekuwerengzedwa ndi kompyuta ya quantum yakale. Izi si chinthu chomwe chinapangidwa ndi Nymchat — Signal ndi SimpleX anachita izi kale, ndipo adalengeza mwamphamvu — koma pa Nostr, Nymchat ndiye yekhayo. XChat, Vector, Armada, White Noise ndi malophasi onse a Nostr amagwiritsa ntchito secp256k1 pokhala ndi chinsolo ndipo palibe china. Sizifuna kusinthidwa kapena kusinthana mafoni omwe mungathe kuona: ogwiritsa ntchito awiri a Nymchat amalandira izi mwachindunji, ndipo uthenga kwa ogwiritsa ntchito a Bitchat kapena Nostr wamba umasanduka NIP-17 yozama kuti upite. Onani Post-quantum encryption.
• Macheza apagulu omwe amabisa umembala wawo. Kuzimata kwa mphatso kokhazikika kutulutsa mndandanda wamamembala - N kukulunga ku N pubkeys nthawi yomweyo ndimasewera graph ngakhale palibe decrypts. Nymchat imatembenuza makiyi olandila kuti mtunduwo utero osati mawonekedwe. White Noise ndi XChat amafikira malo omwewo kudzera ku MLS m'malo mwake; atatu mwa ife tiri tokha pamndandandawu kukhala nawo konse. Mwaona Momwe kubisa kwamagulu kumagwirira ntchito.

Kumene ena ali amphamvu

Chilichonse mwa izi ndi chifukwa chenicheni chosankha china, ndipo palibe chomwe chidzakhale tinakangana apa.

Zomwe muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito

Moona mtima: oposa mmodzi. Izi ndi zaulere, ndipo sizimawononga chilichonse kuti zisungidwe motsutsana ndi tsiku lofunika.

• Mufunika cryptography yamphamvu kwambiri. Signal, ndikuyika Nymchat pambali pake pomwe netiweki ikuchoka.
• Mufunika netiweki kuti musadziwe kuti mulipo. Zithunzi za SimpleX.
• Muli pa zionetsero, chikondwerero, bwalo, kapena kwinakwake intaneti yakhala kudula. Nymchat kapena Bitchat, kapena Armada ngati aliyense alipo pa Android - ndipo zimafunikira zochepa kuposa momwe mungaganizire, chifukwa amayendetsa mauna omwewo.
• Mukufuna pulogalamu imodzi yokambirana tsiku lililonse yomwe imapulumuka kuzimitsa. Nymchat. Ndicho chifukwa chake zonse zilipo.
• Mukufuna kubisa kwamagulu kwabwino kwambiri pa Nostr. Phokoso Loyera, lomwe tsopano ali ndi kafukufuku kumbuyo, kapena XChat ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi zaps ndi mafoni mu pulogalamu yomweyo.
• Muyenera kuyendetsa zomangamanga nokha, pansi pa ndondomeko yanu. Element ndi homeserver yanu, Armada yokhala ndi relay yanu ndi seva yamawu, kapena Delta Chezani ndi seva yanu yamakalata.
• Mukuyembekeza kuti pulogalamuyi ikhale yoletsedwa komwe mukukhala. Nymchat. Pulogalamu yapaintaneti ndi chikwatu cha mafayilo opanda sitepe yomanga, chifukwa chake imachokera ku static host, ndodo ya USB kapena localhost, ndipo palibe sitolo yomwe ingachotsedwe.

Ngati mwapeza kufananitsa kwathu moona mtima kukhala kothandiza ndipo Nymchat ndi yomwe mukufuna kuyesa, Kuyambapo amatenga pafupifupi miniti ndipo samakufunsani chilichonse.